Introduction

Love is a force that is both highly potent and easily weaponized, impacting all of humanity.

In the digital age, emotional predators only need Wi-Fi and a well-rehearsed script; they don’t need to disguise themselves or operate in a murky area.

A romance scam can target anyone desiring a connection, regardless of their age, whether they are 19 or 91.

I have witnessed it all as an individual who has dedicated a significant amount of time to observing the captivating, yet occasionally perplexing, world of social networks.

The digital realm reflects the complete spectrum of life, from the truly heartbreaking tales of deception to the heartwarming connections that blossom across continents.

The implications can be exceedingly high when it pertains to matters of the heart. No, we are not solely discussing financial matters. It pertains to the fundamental principles of human connection, emotional well-being, and trust.

Although we frequently associate romantic schemes with the shadowy corners of the internet, the narrative is significantly older than the first modem.

Consider this: the human desire for companionship, for affection, for someone to accompany them on their life’s journey is as ancient as time.

Regrettably, the exploitation of that fundamental need is also a concern.

A whisper from the past

Cunning individuals were constructing intricate webs of deception to exploit those in search of affection long before dating applications and social media.

The “Spanish Prisoner” swindle, which originated in the 16th century, is one of the most enduring historical examples.

Consider the following scenario:

A letter arrives, purportedly from an affluent, influential individual who is currently incarcerated in Spain.

They assert that they have a concealed fortune and, most importantly, an attractive, single daughter who requires assistance.

They require only a small amount of financial support to secure their release and assist their daughter in escaping to a new life.

In exchange, the recipient would receive a substantial portion of the hidden fortune and the hand of their lovely daughter.

The ingenuity of this scam was its dual appeal: the promise of a socially advantageous marriage and the allure of immense wealth.

It exploited both romantic aspirations and avarice. Tracing the perpetrators was exceedingly challenging due to the intricate nature of orchestrating such a scheme across two countries.

Although the methods have changed, the fundamental components—a compelling narrative, a promise of something significant, and a request for assistance—remain remarkably similar to those used in contemporary schemes.

More recently, before the internet’s widespread adoption, individuals implemented comparable strategies through personal introductions or classified ads.

Consider the “Lonely Hearts” ads in newspapers, where people with less-than-honourable intentions could target individuals seeking companionship. These individuals would construct false personas and gradually deplete the resources of their victims.

What unites them?

The shared thread is a meticulously crafted illusion of an affectionate relationship, designed to weaken defences and facilitate wallet opening.

Modern Labyrinth

In the present day, the internet has evolved into a vast, flourishing environment for these emotional predators.

Their hunting grounds have expanded to include online games, dating applications, and social media platforms.

The internet’s global reach and anonymity enable scammers to operate on an unprecedented scale, concurrently targeting countless individuals.

Romance schemes lose millions of dollars annually, with the emotional impact being incalculable. The statistics are truly sobering.

These fraudsters are adept at psychological manipulation, employing strategies that may be difficult to detect if one is not vigilant.

They frequently participate in “love bombing,” which involves lavishing their targets with excessive affection, compliments, and attention at the early stages of the “relationship.”

They create an intense emotional attachment that can blind victims to red flags and will declare undying love within weeks, sometimes even days.

Consider “Sarah,” a dynamic woman in her late fifties who had recently lost her spouse. She sought companionship and was lonely, so she joined an online dating site. “Mark,” a handsome fellow, promptly contacted her via message.

He claimed to be an accomplished engineer who was working on a project overseas, which accounted for his inability to meet in person. Their conversations were protracted, replete with affectionate remarks and assurances of a future together.

He was attentive, engaging, and appeared to possess a complete comprehension of her. Sarah experienced an intense romantic attachment.

Then, the “emergencies” emerged: a sudden medical crisis in his family, a business transaction that went awry and necessitated immediate funds, and issues with his bank account due to his international travel.

Heartfelt apologies and assurances of repayment were accompanying each request. Sarah, who was convinced of their affection, sent money, then more money, and even took out a loan, depleting her savings.

The emotional manipulation was so pervasive that she defended him despite her friends’ concerns, believing that they simply did not comprehend their “special” connection. She was emotionally devastated and had lost over $100,000 by the time she realized it was a scam.

The Art of the Impostor

Therefore, how do these online courting scammers operate?

They establish credible identities on a variety of platforms, although they frequently maintain minimal profiles.

Many adhere to a consistent format, which facilitates the identification of potential red flags:

• A profile photo that is unnaturally alluring

• They frequently employ photoshopped images of actors, models, or even stock images to create a highly alluring appearance.

• A scarcity of photographs Instead of genuine profiles, scammers typically favor interests or animals.

• Only a few acquaintances and relationships: A suspiciously low number of connections, acquaintances, or followers on social media can strongly suggest a fraudulent profile.

• Residing or working in a remote location: Scammers frequently assert that they have employment opportunities that allow them to spend extended periods of time abroad, which serves as an effortless justification for not meeting in person.

Once they have successfully enticed a victim, they proceed with urgency.

They aim to rapidly establish an emotional bond with you to exploit you. “Love bombing,” or the “coming on strong” strategy, entails the inundation of you with attention and compliments.

After only a few conversations, they may employ pre-written scripts, such as “You are the most exceptional individual I have ever encountered” or “Meeting you feels like a divine appointment.”
A key tactic is to lure you off the dating site or app to another platform, like WhatsApp.

This approach frees you from the security protocols these platforms may implement, enabling them to request more personal information without any monitoring.

Crucially, they will almost always avoid video calls or in-person meetings. If you ask for a video call, they’ll have endless excuses: a connection, a broken camera, or an unexpected “emergency.”

If they promise to visit you, they’ll consistently have a last-minute crisis or tragic circumstance preventing their arrival, often accompanied by a plea for money.

This brings us to the most significant warning sign: the request for money.

This is the goal. They’ll start with small requests, perhaps to cover a lost paycheck or site membership fees, then escalate to much larger sums for fabricated emergencies like a family member’s medical treatment, travel expenses, a fee to access an inheritance, or an investment in a new business venture.

They are skilled at crafting believable stories and exploiting our altruistic tendencies.

They even use common phrases to manipulate: “I’ll pay you back,” “I can’t video call,” “We’re so alike,” “Trust me,” “I’ve fallen for you,” “I can’t wait to be with you, but…,” and “My bank account’s frozen.”

Age is Just a Number

It’s a common misconception that romance scams primarily target older individuals.

While seniors are indeed vulnerable, often due to disposable income and a greater sense of loneliness after life transitions, the truth is that anyone can fall victim, regardless of age, background, or perceived tech-savviness.

Let’s look at the younger generations, often lauded for their digital native skills. You might think they’re immune, but that’s far from the case. The tactics simply shift.

“Bobby Brown,” as one scammer called himself, targeted a young reporter on Instagram. His approach was direct and flattering: “Nice smile,” he wrote, claiming to be an oil engineer from California.

Within two weeks, he was calling her “dear” and “sweetheart,” professing endless love. He even tried to prove his legitimacy by sending a fake ID.

Later, he confessed to being a “Yahoo boy” from Nigeria, part of a syndicate that uses stolen photos and elaborate scripts to catfish and defraud women.

His “boss” even provided pre-written dialogue for various scenarios, from oil engineers to military personnel, explaining how to use flattery and excuses for not meeting in person.

This “catfishing,” where perpetrators use another person’s information (like photos and personal data) as their own, isn’t always about romance; sometimes it’s for “friendship,” or even revenge or personal wish fulfillment. But the emotional toll is always devastating.

Younger individuals are increasingly susceptible to schemes like “romance baiting,” also known as “pig butchering.”

This insidious long-term con involves scammers building trust through fake relationships before luring victims into bogus cryptocurrency or stock investment platforms.

The financial losses in these cases can be astronomical, with victims often losing their entire life savings. The allure of quick wealth, along with the emotional bond the scammer builds, creates a particularly dangerous trap for the young and digitally active.

And then there’s sextortion, a truly horrific variant affecting younger demographics. Scammers, posing as attractive individuals, engage in explicit conversations and coax victims into sending compromising images.

Once they have these photos, the threats begin: pay up, or the images go public. The psychological toll of such an experience can be devastating, leading to immense shame, fear, and, in tragic cases, even suicide.

One can exploit even the everyday aspects of modern life.

Fake “sugar daddy” or “sugar mommy” schemes promise financial arrangements in exchange for companionship, drawing in young people facing economic pressures.

These are often thinly veiled attempts to extract money or personal information, turning a hopeful search for support into a nightmare of exploitation.

Why we become vulnerable

So, why do these scams work?

It’s not about intelligence or education. It’s about deeply ingrained human desires and vulnerabilities.

Scammers are master manipulators who exploit:

• Loneliness and isolation

  Many victims are going through difficult life transitions: divorce, bereavement, or moving to a new city. These periods can leave individuals feeling particularly vulnerable and eager for connection.

• The desire for love and acceptance

  We all crave intimacy and belonging. Scammers tap into this fundamental human need, creating a fantasy of a perfect partner who understands and adores us.

• Empathy and generosity:

  When someone you care about expresses a dire need, especially a perceived loved one, your instinct is to help. Scammers expertly craft urgent, compelling narratives that trigger this innate generosity.

• Isolation from support systems:

  Scammers often try to isolate their victims from friends and family, making them believe that only the scammer truly understands their unique “love story.” They might say things like, “They wouldn’t understand our connection” or “Let’s keep this between us.”

• Shame and embarrassment

  Once victims realize they’ve been scammed, a profound sense of shame and embarrassment often sets in. This can prevent them from reporting the crime or seeking help, prolonging their suffering and allowing scammers to continue their operations.

Protecting your heart and your wallet

• The best defence we have against romance scams is awareness. Simply knowing what to look for can make all the difference.

• If someone you’re talking to online comes on strong with intense emotions right away or pushes you to make big decisions quickly, take a step back.

• Real relationships take time to build, and anyone who’s rushing that process might not have the best intentions.

• Try to keep the conversation on the dating app or site where you first met, at least until you’ve gotten to know the person better or have met in real life.

• Scammers often try to move things to private messaging platforms like WhatsApp, where there’s less oversight.

• It’s also important not to assume someone is genuine just because they seem nice or say all the right things. Romance scammers are often behind very convincing profiles.

• You can do a little online digging; a quick search of their name or even a reverse image search of their photos might uncover something suspicious, especially if their pictures appear under different names

• Be cautious of messages that appear excessively promising. Over-the-top compliments and love declarations early on can be red flags. Sometimes, scammers use copy-pasted scripts that you can find online if you search parts of their messages.

• Ask questions and pay attention to how they answer. If someone is vague or their story doesn’t quite add up, that’s cause for concern. It’s also a idea to check in with a friend or family member.

• They can often spot red flags that might be harder for you to see when emotions are involved.

• Always insist on a video call before getting emotionally invested. If they repeatedly avoid showing their face or offer constant excuses, it’s a major warning sign. And if you ever meet someone in person, choose a public place and stay close to home, just to be safe.

• Avoid clicking on any strange links they send; scammers sometimes use those to install malware or steal information from your device. And perhaps the biggest rule of all: never send money, gift cards, or cryptocurrency to someone you’ve only met online.

No matter how compelling their story sounds, it’s not worth the risk, and genuine love will never ask you to pay for it.

Introduction

Behind the polished webinars and luxury backdrops lies a well-orchestrated deception.

A growing number of so-called business coaches are not who they claim to be.

Instead of delivering expertise, they deal in illusion—selling false hope at a high price.

In today’s digital economy, the coaching industry is booming.

But alongside the legitimate mentors and educators, a darker force operates quietly in plain sight: fake gurus who’ve mastered the art of performance over substance.

What makes these schemes so dangerous is not just the financial cost—but the psychological damage they inflict.

Promises of overnight success, emotional manipulation, and fabricated testimonials are only the surface of a sophisticated operation designed to exploit ambition, vulnerability, and trust.

This investigation unpacks the anatomy of these scams: how they’re built, who they target, and why so many smart, well-intentioned individuals continue to fall for them.

The blueprint is there.

It’s time to read it—before it reads you.

The Allure of the Instant Solution

Let me ask you, why do scams thrive?

Before we delve into the specifics of scam identification, let’s comprehend the reasons behind the effectiveness of these schemes.

Scammers capitalize on universal human desires. We all yearn for quick results, and the idea of achieving significant success in a short amount of time is incredibly appealing.

Scammers often promise “overnight riches” or “six-figure incomes in 90 days.”

Many people dream of escaping the daily grind, paying off debt, or building a comfortable retirement, and scams often position themselves as the ultimate solution to financial worries.

Some coaching scams even tap into the desire for personal growth, promising to unlock your “true potential” or help you “manifest your dreams.”

For those new to business or investing, the jargon and complexity can be overwhelming; scammers exploit this by offering “simplified” systems that supposedly don’t require any prior expertise.

Finally, scammers often present themselves as highly successful experts, gurus, or mentors, leveraging this perceived authority to gain your trust.

Understanding Fake Coaches and Their Motives

Fake coaches and business opportunity scammers aren’t just trying to make a quick buck; they’re often running sophisticated operations. Their primary motives are always financial gain, but they also feed on the power they exert over their victims.

Their core motive is financial exploitation.

They want your money, and they’ll use various tactics to extract as much as possible, from upfront program fees to upsells for “premium” features, “exclusive” communities, or “advanced” training.

For some scammers, there’s a perverse satisfaction in deceiving and controlling others, as they enjoy the admiration and deference they receive from their “students” or “clients.”

Ironically, many fake coaches have never achieved genuine success in the very areas they claim to teach.

They’ve simply mastered the art of convincing others they have.

Their “business” is the scam itself.

These individuals understand the power of social validation.

They’ll often parade fake testimonials, doctored screenshots of earnings, or rented luxury items like cars or homes to create an illusion of success.

In more extreme cases, some scam programs foster a highly insular and supportive (on the surface) community.

Victims find it more challenging to question the program, as they run the risk of facing ostracism from the group, they have become dependent on

How They Choose Their Victims

Scammers aren’t random in their targeting; they often employ psychological profiling and strategic outreach.

They scour social media platforms, forums, and online communities for individuals expressing interest in entrepreneurship, personal development, financial freedom, or specific niches like e-commerce or real estate, often using sophisticated data analytics to identify potential targets.

They look for signs of vulnerability, such as individuals who seem financially stressed, desperate for a career change, recently laid off, or in need of extra income during retirement.

Scammers often target young people eager to start their first business and older individuals who may be less tech-savvy or seeking a comfortable retirement income, assuming these groups might be more trusting or less equipped to identify complex scams.

They might initiate contact through social media messages, emails, or even targeted ads. The initial message is often generic and designed to pique curiosity without revealing too much.

Once a connection is made, they’ll work to build rapport. They will attentively listen to your aspirations and concerns, reflecting your language to foster a sense of understanding. creates a false sense of trust.

They might also encourage you to keep the “opportunity” a secret from sceptical friends or family, framing them as “negative influences,” and employing high-pressure sales tactics, creating a sense of urgency like “limited spots available” or “special discount ending soon.”

How Can You Tell if a Business Offer or Coaching Program Is a Scam?

I am aware that one of the fundamental inquiries is how to stay safe. Based on my experience, research, and education, I have concluded that the following warning signs require extra attention.

One of the most significant red flags is promises of guaranteed, unrealistic returns or “easy” money.

Legitimate businesses and coaches don’t guarantee specific income levels, especially not quickly or with minimal effort. Building a successful business or mastering a skill takes hard work, dedication, and time.

Phrases like “earn six, seven figures in 90 days,” “get rich quick,” or “no experience necessary” are almost always indicative of a scam. Literally, scam.

If there’s a lack of transparency regarding the money-making process, proceed with caution. If the business model is vague, confusing, or constantly shifting, it’s a red flag.

Scammers frequently concentrate on the outcomes (the money you’ll make) without providing a clear explanation of how they achieve these results.

Scammers might use buzzwords without providing concrete explanations; for example, they may mention “leveraging algorithms” or “secret systems” without detailing how these concepts work.

Scammers thrive on urgency, employing high-pressure sales tactics and artificial scarcity.

They will compel you to enroll right away by promising “limited-time bonuses” or asserting that there are only a few remaining spots.

They want you to decide before you have time to think critically or research. Legitimate programs allow you time to make an informed choice.

If the primary way you make money is by recruiting new members into the program, rather than by selling a tangible product or service to actual customers, you’re likely looking at a pyramid scheme.

These are illegal and unsustainable. While some legitimate businesses have referral programs, the core of the business must be a valuable product or service, not just recruitment.

Scammers are masters of illusion, often using exaggerated or fake testimonials and success stories. They will often use stock photos, paid actors, or even steal identities to create fake testimonials or show screenshots of giant earnings that are doctored.

Look for specific, verifiable details in testimonials; a legitimate testimonial will often include a full name, specific results, and a sense of genuine experience, not just generic praise.

Be wary of unverifiable claims and a lack of concrete evidence. If they claim to have achieved massive success but offer no verifiable evidence (e.g., financial statements, verifiable case studies, public business records), be sceptical.

Please request evidence, and if they are unable to provide it, consider stepping away.

Scam coaching programs often charge exorbitant fees for information that is readily available for free or at a much lower cost elsewhere, indicating overpriced programs with vague or generic content.

The content itself may be shallow, generic, or simply rehashed common knowledge presented as groundbreaking insights.

While not always a definitive sign, many scams, especially those originating from outside your country, may have poor grammar, spelling, and professionalism in their marketing materials, emails, or websites, which can be a sign of unprofessionalism or a lack of attention to detail that extends to their “business” practices.

Legitimate businesses have clear, transparent refund policies.

Scammers often make it incredibly difficult or impossible to obtain a refund once you’ve paid, meaning there’s no clear refund policy or difficulty getting out.

Read the terms and conditions carefully, and if they’re vague or non-existent, be wary. Finally, be cautious of the “guru” or “expert” who only teaches but doesn’t “do.”

If they claim immense wealth but their only visible business is selling their “secret formula” to others, why aren’t they actively using their methods to generate income themselves, instead of just teaching it?

Protecting Yourself and Others

The path to personal and financial success is rarely paved with instant riches or effortless gains; it requires effort, learning, and often, a healthy dose of patience.

You can protect your dreams and finances from those who attempt to exploit them by being vigilant, informed, and willing to question promises that appear excessively attractive.

Remember, your financial future is too important to leave to chance or to a scammer.

The truth is, the dream of financial freedom, personal growth, or business success is real, but it should never come at the cost of your trust, money, or peace of mind.

Scams are rapidly evolving and specifically targeting individuals like yourself—motivated, optimistic, and striving to improve their circumstances for themselves and their families.

The best defence isn’t fear. It’s awareness, education, and open conversation.

So, let’s talk:

• Have you or anyone you know ever made an offer?
• What warning signs do you now look out for when someone pitches you an opportunity?
• What advice would you offer to someone just starting out online?
• Let’s build a smarter, more informed community together.

Introduction

As someone who has navigated the worlds of military intelligence and diplomatic security, I’ve seen firsthand how information, or the lack thereof, can dictate outcomes.

But in today’s interconnected world, the battle for truth is no longer confined to state actors or classified briefings. It’s happening in our homes, on our phones, and within our social media feeds.

We are constantly exposed to a phenomenon called disinformation: intentionally false information, crafted and spread to deceive, mislead, and ultimately manipulate.

This manipulation often leads to fraud, causing real-world harm, regardless of age or background.

When Lies Shaped Empires

The idea of using false information to gain an advantage is far from new.

History is replete with examples of powerful figures and entities employing disinformation to sway public opinion, undermine rivals, and secure dominance.

• “Great Moon Hoax”

  They assert that they possess the ability to affect an individual’s emotions or reconcile with a romantic relationship.

• “German Corpse Factory”

  During wartime, disinformation becomes a potent weapon.

  In World War I, the infamous “German Corpse Factory” rumor circulated, alleging that Germans were boiling down the bodies of their soldiers for fat.

  This grotesque fabrication, spread by British propaganda, aimed to demonize the enemy and rally public support.

• Cold War Propaganda

  Fast forward to the Cold War, where both the United States and the Soviet Union engaged in sophisticated propaganda campaigns to discredit each other’s ideologies.

  These weren’t just about sharing information.

  They were about crafting narratives, twisting facts, and sowing doubt to erode trust and influence global perceptions.

  These historical instances demonstrate a crucial point:

  Disinformation has always preyed on emotions, biases, and a lack of readily available verifiable information.

  What has changed, however, is the speed and scale at which these false narratives can now spread.

Social Media—A Double-Edged Sword

Today we are witnessing the rapid development and expansion of social media. However, the emergence of social media platforms has presented both advantages and disadvantages.

While they offer unprecedented opportunities for connection and information sharing, they have also become fertile ground for the rapid and widespread dissemination of disinformation.

The very architecture of these platforms—algorithms designed to maximize engagement, the ease of sharing, and the tendency for “echo chambers” to form—inadvertently aids the spread of falsehoods.

How does this happen?

Social media algorithms display content that you are most likely to interact with. You probably know that the algorithm will show you more emotionally charged or sensational content, regardless of its accuracy.

Such behaviors can create a “filter bubble” or “echo chamber” where you are primarily exposed to information that confirms your existing beliefs, making it harder to discern truth from fiction.

These echo chambers are not just digital environments — they are psychological traps. The more we hear the same viewpoints, the more they start to feel like absolute truths. Emotion replaces reason, validation replaces reflection, and repetition begins to feel like reality.

What is available to us today is ease of sharing. With a single click, a piece of content can be shared with thousands, or even millions, of people.

This instant virality means that a false story can spread globally before fact-checkers even begin their work.

The relative anonymity offered by online platforms allows malicious actors to create fake accounts or use automated “bots” to amplify disinformation.

These networks can flood the internet with a specific message, creating a false sense of consensus or public opinion.

Disinformation thrives on strong emotions: fear, anger, outrage, and excitement. False stories are often crafted to provoke an immediate emotional response, bypassing rational thought and encouraging impulsive sharing, and this is our reality today.

COVID-19 and Health Misinformation

Perhaps no recent event better illustrates the devastating impact of disinformation on a global scale than the COVID-19 pandemic.

On social media, false information about the virus’s origins, transmission, and particularly its treatments and vaccines quickly spread.

Elderly individuals, seeking information and perhaps more susceptible to online scams, were targeted with fraudulent cures or “miracle treatments” for COVID-19, often leading to financial losses and, in some cases, severe health consequences from ingesting harmful substances.

Younger individuals, exposed to “influencers” promoting anti-vaccine rhetoric or unproven remedies on platforms like TikTok and Instagram, sometimes developed vaccine hesitancy or adopted dangerous health practices based on sensationalized and unverified claims.

This illustrates that age is not the sole determinant of vulnerability to disinformation and subsequent fraud.

It’s about exposure, critical thinking skills, and the persuasive power of the source.

Deception at Scale and Sophistication

The emergence of artificial intelligence is undoubtedly the most significant game-changer in the realm of information warfare.

Artificial intelligence’s capacity to process and analyze vast quantities of data at unprecedented speeds, identify patterns, and even generate human-like content is transforming every aspect of this struggle.

Artificial intelligence can rapidly generate vast quantities of text, articles, and social media posts that sound human-written.

This enables disinformation campaigns to scale up dramatically, overwhelming legitimate information with a flood of fabricated content.

Furthermore, artificial intelligence algorithms can analyze an individual’s online behavior, demographics, and even psychological profiles to tailor disinformation messages precisely to their vulnerabilities and biases.

This makes the false information far more convincing and effective.

For intelligence agencies, artificial intelligence offers powerful tools for enhancing situational awareness and decision-making.

AI-powered algorithms can sift through mountains of satellite imagery, real-time signals intelligence, and open-source information to detect anomalies, predict adversary movements, and highlight critical insights that would be impossible for human analysts alone.

It significantly strengthens our ability to control the movement of information to our decision-makers, ensuring they have the most accurate and timely intelligence.

However, the offensive potential of AI in information warfare is equally, if not more, alarming.

I’ve spent years interrogating spies, analyzing threats, and identifying manipulation. Let me be clear: disinformation isn’t just “some people lying online.” It’s a weapon — quiet, persistent, and devastating.

And once someone accepts a lie, tearing it down becomes nearly impossible.

That’s why prevention matters more than correction.

You don’t fight fire with facts after the blaze — you build walls before it starts.

Disinformation leads to fraud

Fraud and disinformation often coexist.

The false information serves as the psychological groundwork, creating a deceptive reality that encourages victims to take actions they otherwise wouldn’t, actions that ultimately lead to financial loss or other forms of harm.

Phishing Scams

Disinformation campaigns can create a sense of urgency or fear that makes people more likely to fall for phishing scams.

For example, a fake news story about an impending financial crisis might prompt people to click on a fraudulent link disguised as a bank update, leading them to hand over their login credentials.

Romance Scams

While not always direct disinformation, romance scams often involve the creation of elaborate false identities and narratives designed to elicit emotional attachment and trust, ultimately leading to financial exploitation. The “love bombing” and carefully constructed lies are a form of interpersonal disinformation.

Product or Service Fraud

Disinformation can also promote fake products or services. Online reviews, often generated by AI or paid actors, can create a false sense of legitimacy for a non-existent or harmful product.

This can lead to consumers purchasing items that never arrive, are not as described, or are even dangerous. This impacts individuals of all ages who shop online.

Building Resilience: Our Collective Responsibility

As someone who has focused on intelligence and security, I understand that the battle against disinformation and fraud requires a multi-faceted approach.

It’s not just about what governments or tech companies do; it’s about cultivating individual resilience.

The most powerful tool against disinformation is a sceptical mind.

Don’t rely on just one source. Cross-reference information with multiple reputable news organizations, fact-checking websites, and official sources.

If a claim seems extraordinary, it demands extraordinary proof.

Disinformation often plays on our fears, anger, or biases. If a post triggers an intense emotional reaction, take a moment to step back and analyse the content rationally before reacting or sharing.

Be extremely cautious about sharing personal or financial information online, especially in response to unsolicited messages, calls, or emails.
Remember that legitimate organizations will rarely ask for sensitive details via unsecure channels.

Most importantly, don’t let convenience replace curiosity. Take time to think before you click, before you share, before you believe.

The Digital Battlefield Is Real.

Disinformation is more than just “fake news.”

It is a calculated, intentional effort to deceive, with real and often devastating consequences in the form of fraud.

While its roots are ancient, its modern manifestation, amplified by social media and supercharged by artificial intelligence, presents an unprecedented challenge to individual well-being, public trust, and democratic processes.

As a former intelligence and security professional, I can assure you that the digital battlefield is as real as any physical one.

By understanding the tactics of disinformation and adopting a proactive, critical approach to the information we consume, we can collectively build resilience against these deceptive forces, protect ourselves from fraud, and safeguard the integrity of our shared reality.

The fight for truth begins with each of us.

Introduction

I remember being a kid when my parents told me I needed to finish high school to get a decent job—maybe in a factory, or if I was lucky, behind a desk. But I had different plans.

School didn’t speak to my dreams, so I turned to the darker path—rolling with street thugs and petty criminals at the local boxing club, where crime was more curriculum than cautionary tale.

But I dismissed school as representing anything positive for my dreams, so I opted for the darker side. Being a thug and petty criminal who hangs out with boys in the local boxing club where juvenile and serious crime members attend

So, I realized that growing up in communism isn’t bad if you bash people, steal from shops, or steal from homes until you are not caught.

And in communism government will make sure to make an example of every single wannabe criminal.

I must say that I learned lessons quickly, particularly when I found myself in the civil war with a high school diploma, and I believed that I would be a general until one day I was told, “Mario, you are a great combatant, leader, and raw example of all that can be done, but you will never progress higher than lieutenant because you don’t have a university degree” and I understood how education is important.

Today education is run by people who say, “You don’t need a university degree or higher education because you need only my (business coach) blueprint for success.”

Bro, all you need is an influencer—aka, a business coach.

Bro, seriously, when was the last time you scrolled through Instagram or YouTube without seeing some dude in a suit standing in front of a fancy car (which probably isn’t even his), promising to teach you “how to make your first million by 30”?

What genuine expertise does this individual possess? This individual demonstrates a remarkable ability to produce polished Reels and employs popular terminology such as “mindset,” “vibes,” and “unleash your inner leader.”

We are residing in an era characterized by an abundance of pseudo-coaches.

These coaches are not football coaches, certified business mentors, or licensed therapists.

I’m talking about self-proclaimed “life strategists,” “mindset gurus,” “business coaches,” and “spiritual wealth healers.”

The dream-selling industry has gone fully digital, and these people are cashing in. Big time.

Let’s break it down. We need to put an end to the misinformation they present as knowledge.

Who are the fake coaches?

Have you observed that many “coaches” are individuals who failed in their initial careers?

Like the person who couldn’t sell real estate… He is currently offering real estate courses.

The person who made $20K off crypto during the 2021 hype… now he’s a crypto coach.

Or the girl calling herself a “feminine energy consultant” with zero background in psychology? Yep. Yep.

Everyone’s a coach these days.

The standard is so low that it could easily be surpassed.

Most of them haven’t built a single real thing in their lives.

But they’ve mastered one trick: selling the illusion of success.

They prey on individuals who are desperate, confused, or simply trying to escape their monotonous jobs.

However, they have perfected a particular strategy: creating the illusion of success. They target individuals who are desperate, confused, or simply seeking an escape from their monotonous jobs.

Fraudulent coaches have discovered the formula: success does not require genuine knowledge—merely the appearance of it. They do not provide authentic skills. Instead, they market the sensation of success.

They don’t offer real skills.

They sell the feeling of success.

They offer a $399 “Personal Development Masterclass” that comprises 7 ten-minute videos, a collection of meaningless phrases, and a PDF containing quotes from books they haven’t read.

This is all available at a discounted price!

Only today!

Discover the truth! OMG

Business model: Selling the dream

Here’s how it works: Lifestyle

• Lifestyle Curation

  Rent a car. Rent a villa. Snap a few pics from a beach in Goldent, Boboom.

  And boom, the Instagram feed was upgraded. Now they “look successful.”

• The Funnel

  It begins with a complimentary webinar, eBook, or a $7 course that consists of 30 minutes of introductory “mindset” content without any practical tools.

• The Upsell

  Then comes the $997 “Signature Coaching Program.”

  If you are genuinely committed, you might consider investing in the $10,000 mastermind program.

  Don’t have the cash? No worries, they offer “coaching-specific finance.”

• The Testimonials

  Glowing reviews?

  Half of them come from their friends, fellow fake coaches, or people too embarrassed to admit they got nothing from it.

Their offer? Everything, nothing, and instant results

Their pitch usually sounds like this:

“Start a business with zero capital.”

“Earn €10,000/month in 3 months”

“Rewire your brain for success.”

“Manifest your reality.”

Sound familiar?

That’s because it is. They all say the same stuff, just in different packaging.

Fast food chains sell the same chicken in 100 different combinations. Not healthy, but looks excellent in the ad.

It’s word salad, man. Sounds deep. Means nothing.

Inquire about the specific content of their teachings, and you will likely encounter a cycle of ambiguous discussions regarding energy, mini vibrations, and rations, which may leave you feeling bewildered and inclined to provide your credit card information.

However, it is important to note that not all coaches operate unethically

But wait—not all coaches are Wicked

Let’s be clear: not all coaches are scams.

But wait—not all coaches are poor. Let’s be clear: not all coaches are scams. There are genuine mentors available, individuals who have faced significant challenges and possess valuable insights. However, the issue is that today, it seems anyone who has read a couple of self-help books—most likely “Rich Dad Poor Dad” and “The Power of the Subconscious”—believes they are qualified to be a mentor. As a result, they begin to market offerings that they do not fully comprehend themselves.

So, they start selling something they don’t even understand themselves.

Price tags from another universe

The wildest part? Someone charges you €1000 to tell you, “Believe in yourself.”

For that amount, one could invest in three months of genuine therapy and potentially achieve meaningful progress.

But No, you instead you consult “Ke” at @mindset_alpha111, who advises, “Success is a state of mind.”

The prices are insane. You might obtain a beginner’s course for $97. Mid-tier coaching calls run $500–$2000. Premium packages range from $10,000 to $25,000 or more.
For what?

The package includes weekly Zoom calls, some PDFs, a private Facebook group, and motivational messages like “You got this!”

It’s like buying a car and it says, “They (coaches) says: “The engine’s not real, but if you believe hard enough, it’ll drive.”

That’s what you’re getting with these fake coaching packages.

Real-world example

1. Brittany Dawn – The Fitness Influencer Turned Coaching Catastrophe

   What Happened:
   Brittany Dawn was a fitness influencer who sold custom coaching plans for nutrition and workouts. Customers later revealed that her “personalized plans” were copy-pasted templates, and that communication was non-existent.

   The Scam:
   Clients—many with eating disorders—paid $100 to $300 for coaching that didn’t exist. Some reported worsening health due to bad advice.

2. James Arthur Ray – The Deadly “Self-Help” Guru

   What Happened:
   James Arthur Ray rose to fame through The Secret and promoted extreme self-help retreats for thousands of dollars. In 2009, he led a “spiritual warrior” sweat lodge ceremony in Arizona, where three participants died and many others were hospitalized.

   The Scam:
   Ray marketed himself as a transformational coach and spiritual success mentor. His retreats mixed pseudo-Native American rituals, mental toughness techniques, and expensive upsells.

False hope: “Success is a vibration.”

The worst part of this isn’t even the price tag.

It’s emotional manipulation.

Talk of “life transformation” easily targets those who feel lost, stuck, or exhausted from constant spinning.

Fake coaches know that. They promise that you will become “the best version of yourself,” but they never explain how to achieve it.

There is no concrete plan in place. They give you mantras and vague advice, trying to convince you that you’re the only problem.

That’s gaslighting. And pricier than a toxic relationship.

What “Selling Smoke” looks like

Imagine this:

You join a free live webinar. This is classic bait.

Listen to an hour of somebody saying he went from his mom’s basement to a penthouse.

Talks about freedom, travel, passive income, etc.

In the final 10 minutes, he presents his program, which is priced similarly to a car payment, as the “key to everything.”

That’s not education. It’s emotional teleshopping.

Moreover, it lacks originality; it merely recycles Tony Robbins’ tactics without any charisma and offers no real substance.

How to spot them—the red flags

Here’s your detector:

They use phrases like “I invested in myself,” “vibration of success,” and “7-figure mindset.”

They never explain what they teach.

They showcase a plethora of eye-catching images yet yield no tangible outcomes for their students.

They frequently promote drop shipping, affiliate marketing, or coaching-related services.

Everything is advertised as “limited time,” “last chance,” and “exclusive access.”

How not to be played

Ask: Who are you, and what exactly have you done?

Demand results. Don’t fall for stories and hype.

Be sceptical of “life-changing” PDFs.

If the price is extremely high and there is no refund policy, it’s best to avoid it.

Conclusion

Avoid offers with high prices and no refund policy. Furthermore, if an individual claims they can transform your life for $1500 through four Zoom calls, it is either a reflection of their lack of understanding or an assumption that you lack discernment. I regret to convey this, but it is the reality. There exists a significant distinction between genuine mentors and online frauds.

I’m sorry to say it, but that’s the truth.

There’s a tremendous difference between real mentors and online charlatans.

And there’s nothing wrong with wanting change, growth, or success, but don’t let someone sell you a placebo and call it a miracle.

Focus on your personal development, but do not allow someone to persuade you that you are solely responsible for the challenges you face.

Occasionally the real problem is the people robbing you—wearing suits.

You need clarity, real tools, and truth. You need clarity, real tools, and truth, not some guy with rented cars and recycled quotes.

Trust results, not reels.

Trust substance, not suit.

And most of all, trust yourself.

“Don’t buy the smoke. Build the fire. Invest in real skills. Ask real questions. And if you’re ever in doubt—walk away.”

The Digital Mirage: An Introduction

I saw something all too familiar on a recent journey from Sydney to Melbourne.

People on the plane, such as businesspeople, students, and regular travellers, took selfies, posted updates, and shared flight information online in real time.

A lot of people started deleting these posts and feverishly changing their trails just before arriving. It was a minor gesture of panic that I’ve seen a lot of times.

I’ve worked in military intelligence and corporate investigations for more than 30 years. I know how data moves, how it conceals, and how it hurts.

And what I’ve learned is straightforward: the internet remembers everything. It makes a list.

Lasting Imprints in a Temporary World

The Digital 2024 Global Overview Report says that there are more than 5.38 billion people who use social media.

Every post, click, or search contributes to an ever-expanding global mosaic of metadata.

People think that deleting something means erasing it. Platforms keep copies for legal, business, and research reasons, nevertheless.

Your screen may not show deleted content anymore, but it is still stored on server backups, screenshots, third-party archives, or databases that AI-powered bots have scraped.
What happened?

The result is an archive of your identity that will always be there and change over time.

The False Sense of Control

Users can erase and unpublish things on digital sites. But in real life, that control is just for show.

When you remove a photo or post, you usually just hide it from other people. The stored data may remain there for years.

Companies, data brokers, and even hackers can get to these leftovers, which makes “deletion” a reassuring lie.

One cybersecurity expert said, “Deleting online content is like trying to remember a letter after sending out a thousand copies.”

Data as Money and a weapon

Data has become an asset in today’s world, with individuals either trading it or attempting to acquire it.

You can put together a full profile from what might seem like small things, like your favourite meal, your dog’s name, and your high school mascot.

Quizzes on social media are especially misleading. They may appear to be games, but they collect information that addresses common security issues.

Criminal groups use these digital breadcrumbs to put together identities and build trust.

In my work as an investigator, I’ve seen these components come together safe on their own but lethal when put together.

A Case Study: The Job Offer for $38,000

A “headhunter” emailed a young woman who was ambitious and had just lost her job. She was pleased.

The email discussed her skills, her dream job title, and personal information that made the offer seem believable.

She clicked.

Within 48 hours, $38,000 had disappeared from her account. The scammer used LinkedIn updates, vacation photographs from Instagram, and quiz answers she had forgotten she had given to make his profile.

This event wasn’t a fluke. It was a plan. And it worked.

The Psychology of Taking Advantage

Hackers don’t just break into computers; they also break into people.

They write words that go straight to your feelings instead of your brain when they know what you love, what scares you, and what you do every day.

Do you support animal rights? This is a phony page for donations.

Are you seeking employment?

This individual is a phony recruiter.

These aren’t just phishing efforts; they’re precise attacks. Scams these days are personalized, aimed, and very scary.

Wi-Fi Trap: Weakness in Transit

Is there another weakness that people typically miss? One common weakness is the availability of free Wi-Fi.

Public networks are like playgrounds for hackers, whether they’re in airports, hotels, or cafés. Unsecured connections can let your emails, passwords, and financial logins leak out without you knowing.

In one true situation, a client checked his corporate email from a hotel room in Prague. Two days later, hackers had gotten into his server, stolen private information, and changed his passwords on several accounts.

One sign-in. One error.

Useful tips for protecting yourself online

This is what I think, not as an expert in cybersecurity but as someone who has seen what happens when people let their guard down.

1. Look yourself up on Google. Look at what’s out there with your name on it. Please change or delete any information you can. Determine the extent of your exposure.

2. Change your privacy settings. You have to put your safety first, not the platforms. Lock down who can see, tag, or get in touch with you.

3. Don’t share too much personal information online. Think about not posting about your birthday or starting “get to know me” threads. They are great for bad people.

4. Ensure that your passwords are robust and unique. No repeating. Set up two-factor authentication. You can stay organized with a password manager.

5. Before you click, think again. Don’t click on links from someone you don’t know, or even friends, without checking first. Hackers love to use urgency as a weapon.

6. Don’t use public Wi-Fi for things that are important. When you need to access your personal or financial accounts, use mobile data or a VPN.

These aren’t paranoid things to do; they’re practical ways to stay safe in the digital age.

Conclusion: The Cloud’s Legacy

Every post, message, or email we send leaves a lasting impact. We now save what was once temporary. Indexed. Able to be searched.

This novel isn’t a warning story; it’s a reality check. We can’t forget in the internet world we’ve made. Just remembering.

So take charge. Be intentional. And remember that your digital footprint is what you leave behind. Be smart as you walk.

Introduction

Each week brings another headline: a woman conned out of her savings—and her soul—by a man she thought was “the one.” In today’s world, love isn’t just risky. It’s a digital war zone.

I’ve interrogated spies, traitors, and terrorists. Yet the one predator I still don’t understand? The man who seduces a woman, drains her trust, and disappears—without a flicker of remorse.

Consequently, it is essential that we reveal the authentic approach underlying love schemes.

The quest for love has never been more accessible—or more hazardous—in the age of automated pairings and endless scrolling. Contemporary fraudsters, masquerading as mystics and capitalizing on grief and aspiration for financial gain, are obscured behind luminous screens and persuasive personas.

A troubling trend has surfaced on the internet, when fraudsters impersonating spiritual healers or “doctors” specializing in love spells exploit easily accessible connections.

Complex strategies that merge emotional manipulation with financial exploitation are utilized by these scammers to take advantage of individuals’ yearning for compassion and intimacy.

The Anatomy of a Love Spell Scam

She believed she had met a person of extraordinary abilities. She was certain that he embodied all her desires: tall, self-assured, and exceptionally well-travelled.

He portrayed a life of opulence on social media, showcasing stunning vistas from exotic destinations, exquisite dining experiences, and luxurious private jets.

He spoke to her with deep affection, making her feel as though she was the most important person in the universe.

Nevertheless, the illusion vanished after weeks. She was financially drained, emotionally deceived, and publically embarrassed due to a complex scheme disguised as passion and wealth.

Consequently, she encounters sensations of powerlessness, neglect, disillusionment, and humiliation. Nonetheless, she strives to comprehend the situation and ascertain how to make a second try.

Fraudsters emerge at that point.

The allure of reviving a past romance or enticing a new partner using supernatural methods constitutes the core of many frauds.

Fraudsters often impersonate experienced professionals, offering services such as

• The invocation of romantic enchantments

  They assert that they possess the ability to affect an individual’s emotions or reconcile with a romantic relationship.

• Spiritual Purification

  They offer rituals designed to eradicate negative energy or dispel curses purported to impact an individual’s romantic relationships.

• Astrological Interpretations

  They offer customized horoscopes that forecast the likelihood of love success or failure.

Fraudsters commonly interact with victims via dating applications, social media networks, or unsolicited electronic correspondence.

The initial interaction is often marked by a warm and compassionate attitude, which cultivates trust.

Once the scammer cultivates rapport, they provide the notion of a love enchantment, underscoring the urgency and necessity for prompt action.

Old Days

During my childhood, the villages surrounding my birthplace were infused with whispers of enchantment.

An ancient grandmother, both esteemed and subtly dreaded for her enigmatic conduct, resided in one of these settlements.

In the Soviet era, it seemed that each village possessed a “witch doctor” who upheld a balance between folklore and medicinal practices. These individuals conducted traditional practices to mitigate many unseen ailments and calm the stomach.

Nonetheless, their capabilities transcended this limitation.

They served as guardians of the heart, offering comfort for unrequited love and shielding against the ominous realm of malicious dreams, especially for the youngest and most defenceless.

Current Era

Who are the individuals executing these scams?

Online love spell scammers often masquerade as spiritual healers, psychics, or mystics claiming to have the ability to cast powerful spells that influence love, relationships, and fate.

They generally function across many internet channels, including social media, dating websites, and niche sites offering spiritual services.

The personalities of these individuals are crafted to be both genuine and reliable, often featuring testimonials, elaborate rituals, and assurances of transformative results.

This cohort of fraudsters is adept at manipulating the emotional susceptibilities of individuals, particularly those experiencing loneliness, heartbreak, or personal uncertainty.

They fabricate a veneer of empathy and comprehension by leveraging these emotions, so enabling manipulation.

Operational Methodology – Modus Operandi

Online love spell scammers utilize a blend of strategic and deceptive methods.

What methods do they employ to target their victims?

• Affective involvement and preliminary interaction

  Fraudsters sometimes initiate contact by dispatching unwanted messages on dating websites or social media platforms. They may choose to reply to a personal advertisement, dispatch a direct message, or comment on a post.

  Their speech is tailored to correspond with the individual’s current emotional condition, marked by warmth and understanding..

• Cultivating trust and reliance

  Upon establishing contact, the scammer engages in protracted dialogues, providing counsel, comfort, and a sense of affiliation. They position themselves as a reliable confidant, thereby fostering a sense of empathy and gratitude from the victim.

• Overview of the Love Enchantment Service

  The fraudster presents the notion of a romantic spell subsequent to gaining the victim’s trust.

  The fraudster asserts that the victim’s romantic prospects are obstructed by malevolent spirits, curses, or misfortune, and that a potent spell may rectify these problems.

• Creating a sense of urgency

  The perpetrator often generates a deceptive sense of urgency to incite prompt action. They may require the execution of the spell at a particular moon phase or caution that delays could lead to enduring calamity.

• Financial exploitation

  As the victim’s emotions intensify, the fraudster solicits payment for the deception. This may manifest as cryptocurrencies, gift vouchers, or cash.

  Furthermore, they may suggest the procurement of specific things or supplies allegedly necessary for the ceremony.

• Continuous Manipulation

  The fraudster may persist in soliciting further payments to purportedly “enhance” the effectiveness of the spell, materials, or rituals, even after initial money has been made.

  They often employ guilt-inducing tactics, suggesting that the spell’s inadequacy may stem from the victim’s lack of further participation.

• Either vanishing or intensification

  The fraudster may cease all communication after extracting all viable funds.

  Alternatively, they may escalate their tactics by threatening the victim with dire consequences should they refuse to comply with more requests.

Techniques of victimization

Online love spell scammers utilize many strategies to locate and target potential victims.

• Social media surveillance

  Fraudsters often scour social media sites for persons experiencing dissatisfaction in romantic relationships, recent separations, or mental turmoil.

  They may offer unsolicited counsel or assistance in reaction to posts or comments.

• Online Dating Platforms and Discussion Forums

  These platforms provide an optimal atmosphere for fraudsters, as persons seeking connections are more vulnerable to emotional turmoil.

  Scammers create fraudulent profiles to build trust and interact with users.

• Search Engine Optimization (SEO)

  Fraudsters enhance their websites to rank in search results for phrases like “love spell,” “reconcile with your ex,” or “spiritual healer.”

  This guarantees that scammers redirect individuals seeking such services to their deceptive websites.

• Email Campaigns

  Certain scammers employ phishing tactics to get email addresses and disseminate mass communications advertising love spell services.

  These emails often express urgency and uniqueness.

Warning signals

Identifying the symptoms of a love spell scam is crucial to save oneself from emotional and financial damage, particularly when the victim feels powerless due to a romantic failure and seeks any sign of hope.

The principal indicators to observe are as follows:

• Unsolicited Contact Exercise caution with individuals who initiate communication, especially if they offer unsolicited counsel or services related to your personal life.

• Promises That Appear Excessively Favourable

  Fraudsters sometimes make grandiose claims, such as vowing to revive a deceased partner or ensure everlasting happiness. It is important to recognize that genuine spiritual activities do not ensure outcomes.

• Solicitation for gifts or monetary contributions.

  Credible professionals do not necessitate prepayments for their services. Exercise prudence if a person demands remuneration before delivering any service.

• Pressure Tactics

  Fraudsters may create a false sense of urgency, suggesting that prompt action is essential to attain the desired result. Seek counsel from reliable sources and thoroughly assess any proposals.

• Lack of verifiable credentials

  Genuine spiritual healers have a clear history, client endorsements, and substantiated qualifications. This transparency is often lacking among fraudsters.

• Inconsistent communication

  Focus intently on the content of the communication. Indicators of concern may encompass an aversion to engaging in video calls, vague replies, or recurrent grammatical inaccuracies.

• Emotional Regulation

  Exercise vigilance if someone exhibits excessive flattery, seeks to isolate you from friends and family, or declares love prematurely.

Conclusion

Individuals may be vulnerable to exploitation owing to the enticement of love and the aspiration to initiate or rekindle a romantic relationship.

Fraudsters posing as love spell practitioners manipulate these emotions, leading to severe financial and mental turmoil for their victims.

Fraudsters specializing in online love spells manipulate the emotions and infirmities of individuals seeking spiritual direction or romantic connections.

By understanding their tactics and recognizing the warning signals, you can protect yourself from being a victim of their deceit.

Approach unsolicited proposals with suspicion, prioritize your emotional welfare, and consult credible sources for guidance.

Remember that true affection and healing stem from within and from credible, honest sources, not from online strangers providing supernatural remedies.

Introduction

I’ve interrogated war criminals. I’ve investigated organized crime members, traitors, and spies.

I’ve spent sleepless nights in war zones, waiting for the enemy to reveal themselves.

But there is one thing I will never understand.

When a man gazes into a woman’s eyes and tells falsehoods, it’s not to safeguard a country or ensure survival—but to deplete her finances.

The man’s goal is to separate her from her friends.

He seeks to undermine her faith in love, driven solely by a desire to feel powerful.

That kind of man doesn’t just steal money—he steals hope. And he leaves behind something no prison sentence can repay: a shattered woman too afraid to trust again.

This isn’t just deception. This is psychological warfare. And it’s time we call it by its real name.

The Digital Age of Deception

charismatic, and well-travelled.

His social media accounts depicted a man living an opulent lifestyle, complete with private jets, opulent dinners, and exotic destinations. He spoke to her like she was his entire world.

And then, weeks later, she found herself broke, betrayed, and humiliated.

Romance Scammers: Masters of Manipulation

These aren’t isolated stories. They’re a growing epidemic. Romance scammers thrive in a time when love is easily accessible.

They don’t simply steal money.

They exploit trust.

They meticulously construct illusions, leaving the victim unaware of their deception until it’s too late.

They’re not messy amateurs.

They’re calculated operators.

These men understand human psychology like trained interrogators. Their weapon isn’t a gun—it’s attention, validation, and false affection.

The Intelligence Behind the Illusion

After decades working in military intelligence, interrogations, and human deception, I’ve seen manipulation in its rawest form.

But these men? They function like covert operatives. They don’t guess—they research. They don’t seduce—they strategize.

They tear down defenses, not with violence, but with illusion.

Case Study: The Tinder Swindler

Simon Leviev, better known as the “Tinder Swindler,” became infamous for a reason. He created a persona as a wealthy heir to a diamond empire, constantly on the run from mysterious enemies.

Lavish gifts and whirlwind romance made his victims feel like princesses. But soon came the crisis—he needed money, fast.

The transfers amounted to tens of thousands. Love turned to fear.

And Leviev disappeared—to his next carefully chosen victim.

Targeting the Vulnerable

What makes men like Leviev effective isn’t luck. It’s precision. Like sharks, they prey on vulnerability.

Any emotional opening, such as divorce, loneliness, recent grief, or financial independence, serves as an entry point.

They study social media profiles, observe habits, and initiate contact when the timing is right.

These men don’t cast nets—they stalk.

Digital Profiling and Selection

Apps like Tinder, Facebook, and Instagram have become their battlefield. With stolen photos, fake names, AI tools, and fabricated job titles, they present a persona tailored to what their target desires.

Every detail of their online presence incorporates the lie, not just the words.

Psychological Warfare Tactics

Once the scammer establishes contact, the manipulation commences. The scammer employs psychological strategies straight out of intelligence manuals, such aslove bombing, mirroring, and subtle isolation. The goal is to overwhelm the target emotionally, creating rapid attachment and dependence.

The Art of Mirroring and Isolation

Love bombing starts the process—nonstop messages, compliments, calls, and promises of a future. Victims describe feeling like they’re in a dream. That dream is by design.

Next comes mirroring. The scammer becomes everything she’s looking for. If she loves art, he’s an art lover. If she’s a single mother, he adores kids.

If she is grieving, it means he has also lost someone.

It’s no coincidence—it’s manipulation.

Isolation begins subtly. “Your friends don’t get us.” “They’re jealous.” Gradually, the woman distances herself from those who could cause concern.

Then, when she’s emotionally reliant, the real game begins.

The Path to Financial Grooming

It doesn’t start with a request for money. It starts with a story. A problem. A crisis. It could potentially be a medical emergency. The situation could potentially involve a legal dispute.
Something has gone awry in the deal.

The woman, emotionally invested, believes she’s helping the man she loves.

She wires money. Then again. Then again. She’s not foolish—she’s in a bind. What began as love is now a web of psychological pressure.

Breaking Down the Victim’s Defences

What’s the most startling reality? Many victims are highly educated, successful women. Lawyers. Executives. Entrepreneurs. Their intelligence didn’t protect them, because this was never about intellect—it was emotional warfare. Even after realizing their deception, some entrepreneurs persist in defending their scammer.

The Emotional Fallout

When it’s finally over, the emotional wreckage sets in. Many victims describe the experience like a form of emotional captivity—being mentally held hostage by someone they believed loved them.

Shame, guilt, depression, and anxiety—it all follows. Some experience symptoms similar to PTSD. Trust is shattered. Confidence is lost. The financial loss is painful, but the psychological scars run deeper. Many isolate themselves. Others abandon dating altogether. Some spiral into silence, too embarrassed to speak out.

The Cost of Trust

According to the FBI’s Internet Crime Complaint Center (IC3), romance scams have drained over $1 billion in the last few years alone, with individual losses averaging over $10,000. But behind those numbers are human stories—lives derailed, dreams broken.

Inside the Scammer’s Mind

Who are these men? Some of these individuals operate independently. Others operate in tightly coordinated criminal rings, often in regions with weak cyber laws.

They share scripts, templates, and victim databases like a business. Many display signs of narcissism or sociopathy.

They charm with ease but lack empathy.

Their goal? Money, power, control—or sometimes, just the thrill of the con.

Technology as a Weapon

In today’s world, scammers don’t need to be near you to manipulate you.

Deepfakes, voice changers, and AI tools allow them to impersonate anyone. Some scammers even utilize call centers, where they groom multiple women simultaneously. It’s systematic.

It’s industrial.

A Scripted Game of Lies

Their lies follow a familiar pattern. They’re often widowed or working overseas—in the military, oil rigs, or engineering.

They’re noble. Busy. Long-distance.

However, they remain emotionally accessible. Within days, they declare love. Within weeks, they need help. The emotional pull is relentless.

Language of Emotional Coercion

“You’re my angel.” “Only you understand me.” “Please don’t leave me now.” These are not mere sentiments; they are strategic. Every phrase is meant to trigger sympathy, urgency, and guilt. The goal is to convert affection into obedience.

Behind the Silence

In my conversations with victims—from lawyers to therapists—one thing is consistent: silence. Most were too ashamed to go public. And that silence gives scammers cover to keep preying on others.

Why This Story Must Be Told

This article isn’t just about scams. It’s about the misuse of trust.

This article delves into the weaponization of love. It’s also about breaking that silence.

Every woman who steps forward inspires another to find the courage to leave.

Recognizing the Red Flags

If someone you love is pulling away, becoming secretive, or suddenly involved in a whirlwind romance—ask questions.

Look closer. Real love doesn’t demand secrecy, urgency, or wire transfers.

A Message to Victims and Predators

To the women reading this: If something feels off, trust your instinct. Love doesn’t come with ultimatums. It doesn’t ask you to empty your bank account. You’re not alone, and you’re not foolish.

To the men running these scams: Know this—truth has a voice. And we will use it.

The Modern Battlefield of Love

Once, I studied enemies in war zones. Today, the battlefield is digital. The weapons are emotional.

But the mission remains: protect the innocent and expose the threat.

And this time, the enemy isn’t across the border. He’s on your phone.

Think Before You Like

Moments later, her followers were commenting things like, “You’re living the dream!” and “So authentic!” Wow.

It struck me deeply: how easily we believe the curated, how eagerly we suspend doubt, and how dangerously we trust people we do not know.

Imagine scrolling through your feed and seeing a dazzling travel experience, a miracle health cure, or a life-changing gadget—all perfectly curated, beautifully shot, and glowing with endorsements.

You feel a pang of envy, maybe a little excitement, and suddenly, you’re clicking “buy” or “book now.”

But pause for a second:

How much of what you see is real?

How much is a carefully crafted illusion?

And why do so many of us accept it without question?

Welcome to the paradox of social media.

In 2024, 86% of individuals globally reported encountering fake news, and 80% of Americans said they’ve seen false or misleading content online. Despite this, many individuals continue to accept digital content without question. (Source: DISA)

In a world where information is abundant, critical thinking is scarce.

Despite living in an era of unprecedented access to knowledge, many individuals continue to blindly accept content without exercising scepticism or discernment.

Even more surprising: they willingly sacrifice their hard-earned money for experiences and products that are often banal, inauthentic, or downright misleading, all because social networks have sold them a story.

And I admit, I was one of those people.

The illusion of authenticity

Social media platforms like Instagram, TikTok, and Facebook have revolutionized how we share and consume content. They promise connection and authenticity, but ironically, they often deliver the opposite.

We live in an era defined by influence.

The content on social media is meticulously edited, filtered, and staged to present an idealized version of life.

This “highlight reel” effect distorts reality, making ordinary moments look extraordinary and everyday products seem indispensable.

Our thoughts, purchases, aspirations, and even beliefs are shaped not by experts or institutions, but by digital personalities, many of whom we’ve never met.

Social media influencers wield a level of persuasion that would make traditional marketers envious, and yet, we rarely stop to question the authenticity of what we consume online. Influencers and advertisers have mastered the art of blending promotion with personal storytelling.

In fact, 62% of users say they trust influencers more than celebrities, according to a 2024 global survey. But this trust comes at a cost: influencer fraud—including fake followers and bought engagement—cost brands an estimated $1.3 billion last year. (Source: Socially Powerful, Amra & Elma)

People often intentionally blur the line between genuine recommendations and paid advertisements. This makes it even harder for users to distinguish between what’s authentic and what’s a marketing ploy.

As a human intelligence and investigation expert, I do explore and investigate the mechanisms of digital deception.

I investigate the construction of false narratives, the subordination of truth to aesthetics, and the reasons behind people’s unwavering trust in influencers across all age groups.

Critical thinking, the very skill that once protected us from manipulation, has become an endangered practice in the digital space.

The missing ingredient: critical thinking in the age of social media

Critical thinking, or the ability to analyze information objectively, question sources, and evaluate evidence, is the antidote to social media’s seductive illusions.

Yet, it’s astonishing how many users lack this skill when engaging online.

Why?

• Information Overload

  With a never-ending stream of posts, stories, and ads, people often skim content superficially rather than engaging deeply.

  This cognitive overload discourages skepticism and encourages passive consumption.

• Emotional Appeal

  Content that triggers strong emotions, whether excitement, fear, or envy, tends to bypass rational analysis.

  Emotional engagement often overrides critical judgment.

• Social Proof and Peer Pressure

  Seeing friends or influencers endorse a product or experience creates a bandwagon effect.

  People trust their social circle and popular figures more than independent verification.

• Lack of Media Literacy

  Many users lack critical evaluation skills for digital content.

  Without this foundation, it’s easy to accept information at face value.

The cost of blind trust

Perhaps the most troubling aspect is how many people sacrifice financial resources for experiences or products hyped on social media, often overpaying for something banal or inauthentic.

Influencers thrive on the illusion of intimacy.

Unlike celebrities of the past, today’s social media stars speak to us directly.

They vlog from their bedrooms, answer DMs, share their mental health struggles, and post unfiltered selfies. Remember, their posts are deliberately uncensored.

They create a perception of authenticity so convincing that we often forget they are performing.

A 2024 Pew Research study found that 37% of U.S. adults under 30 get their news from influencers—not traditional journalists or institutions.

But why do we trust them so much—regardless of age?

• Parasocial relationships

  These are one-sided emotional connections people develop with media figures. Followers feel as though they truly know influencers, similar to how we feel about close friends or family members, despite having no real-life interaction.

• Repetition breeds trust.

  The more we see someone, the more familiar they feel, and the more we are likely to believe them.

  Algorithms feed us the same faces over and over, building credibility through sheer exposure.

• Social proof

  When we see thousands, or millions, of likes, shares, and glowing comments, we assume this person must be worth trusting. “If all these people believe them, they must be legitimate,” we think.

Whether it’s a pricey wellness retreat promising transformation, or a gadget touted as revolutionary, the social media narrative can inflate expectations beyond reality. This phenomenon isn’t just about money; it’s about trust and identity. People want to belong, to feel special, and to live up to the curated lifestyles they see online.

The fear of missing out (FOMO) drives impulsive decisions, sometimes leading to buyer’s remorse or disillusionment.

But the problem arises when critical thinking vanishes from the equation.

The myth of reality

Let’s revisit that moment in Phuket.

What you didn’t see on the influencer’s Instagram story were the two assistants arranging props, the paid guide orchestrating the “authentic” experience, and the moment of discomfort when the influencer scolded a local vendor for background noise.

However, the image presented a completely different story to the outside world.

And here’s the troubling part: followers weren’t misled by accident. The deception was in the product. It was intentional.

Social media is not a mirror—it’s a stage.

And influencers are not documenting life. They’re performing it.

So far, we have witnessed hundreds of frauds exposed:

“Candid” photos staged over multiple hours with professional crews.

Influencers endorse products they have never used.

Wellness experts endorse supplements they neither trust nor use.

“Luxury travel” experiences that are fully sponsored and often deeply transactional.

When we consume these narratives without questioning their source or motive, we are not just accepting fiction; we are internalizing it as truth.

A Universal Phenomenon

It’s a common misconception that only young people fall for influencer content. My research shows that digital naivety spans across generations.

Teens and young adults are especially vulnerable because their sense of identity is still forming. They model behavior, style, and self-worth based on influencer culture.

Millennials, having grown up with the rise of the internet, often confuse long-term digital familiarity with credibility.

Gen X and Boomers tend to over-trust platforms, especially if they’re newer to social media. Many do not differentiate between paid promotions and genuine recommendations.

The issue is not about age; it’s about literacy.

Specifically, in the era of algorithms, media literacy and critical thinking are crucial.

Consequences of passive consumption

The social and psychological consequences are significant:

• Erosion of self-worth

  Constant comparison to curated lives leads to dissatisfaction and mental health challenges, especially among youth.

• Financial manipulation

  Fraudulent promotions of crypto schemes, MLMs, fake giveaways, and affiliate traps prey on trust.

• Distorted values

  Success becomes equated with aesthetic perfection, not substance or integrity.

• Civic vulnerability

  If we believe influencers without evidence, we become equally vulnerable to misinformation in politics, health, and finance.

I have seen people take investment advice from influencers with no financial background, buy harmful beauty products endorsed by unqualified personalities, and make life decisions based on filtered, monetized fantasies.

How to think critically online

So, what can we do?

Critical thinking doesn’t mean becoming cynical or joyless.

It’s about developing a balanced approach that allows you to enjoy social media while protecting yourself from deception.

As a society, we need to reintroduce and reinforce critical thinking in the context of social media. It’s not enough to teach people to question what is being said; we must teach them to interrogate who is saying it, why, and how they benefit.

Here are some actionable steps:

• Pause before you engage.

  Take a moment to question the source and intent of the content. Who benefits from you liking, sharing, or buying?

• Check multiple sources.

  Don’t rely on a single post or influencer. Look for independent reviews, expert
  opinions, or factual evidence.

• Recognize emotional manipulation.

  Be aware when content is designed to trigger strong feelings. Emotional reactions can cloud judgment.

• Educate yourself on media literacy.

  Learn how algorithms work, how ads are disguised, and how to spot misinformation.

• Value authenticity over perfection.

  Remember that real life is messy and imperfect. Don’t compare your behind-the-scenes to someone else’s highlight reel.

  And perhaps most importantly,

  Resist the urge to believe that curated content reflects real life. Even the most “authentic” influencer is still choosing what to show you and what to hide.

Empower yourself in the social media age

So, the next time you scroll through your feed and feel that spark of envy, inspiration, or urgency—pause.

Behind the glow of perfect lighting and curated smiles may lie an agenda, a sale, or a staged illusion. In a world overflowing with filters and persuasion, the most radical thing you can do is think for yourself.

Ultimately, it’s not the influencers who wield power. It’s you.

Not everything that appears attractive is truly valuable. And in the age of deception, your most asset isn’t your wallet—it’s your mind. Guard it fiercely.

Introduction

I’ve looked into the eyes of people hiding secrets—terrorists, criminals, corporate liars—and learned one brutal truth:

The real danger is never loud. It’s silent. Hidden. Waiting.

In war, it was the moment before the ambush.
In investigations, it was the gap no one saw.
In interrogations, it was the lie that sounded too perfect.

And now, in 2025, that same invisible threat lives in our networks, our emails, our devices.

One overlooked vulnerability. One blind spot.

And your business, your reputation, your trust can vanish in seconds.

This isn’t a hypothetical risk.
I’ve seen organizations collapse—not from bullets or bombs, but from bytes.

That’s why today’s most critical defenders don’t wear badges or carry guns.
They carry laptops.

They’re ethical hackers—white hats who simulate the enemy to uncover your weaknesses before it’s too late.
They don’t just expose flaws.

They fortify systems, protect reputations, and preserve the integrity of modern business.

In the chaos of the digital battlefield, they are the guardians.
Not just of data—but of trust, continuity, and survival.

Ethical hacking

The threat landscape has dramatically expanded in today’s interconnected world, where data is often considered the new oil. From individuals and small businesses to multinational corporations and governments, everyone is a potential target in the digital realm.

Yet, just as there are malicious actors exploiting vulnerabilities, there are also dedicated professionals working diligently to protect systems and data.

These are the ethical hackers, also known as “white hats.”

As a long-time entrepreneur involved in investigations, insurance, and fraud detection, I’ve come to deeply appreciate the value of proactive defense mechanisms.

Ethical hacking is one such mechanism—powerful, legal, and indispensable in our fight against digital fraud and cybercrime.

Although the term “ethical hacking” may seem contradictory, it is actually a crucial tool for an organization’s cybersecurity.

An ethical hacker, sometimes referred to as a “white hat” hacker, is a security specialist who, upon a company’s request, imitates the methods of malevolent hackers to identify gaps in a company’s defenses.

Once these defects are identified, they can be corrected before criminals take advantage of them.

As the frequency of cyberattacks rises quickly, there is a growing need for ethical hackers.

What is hacking?

Hacking, in its broadest sense, refers to the act of identifying and exploiting weaknesses in a computer system or network.

The term has historically been associated with illegal or unauthorized activity. Think of the black-clad figures in movies breaching government firewalls or stealing bank data.

But hacking itself isn’t inherently malicious.

It’s a tool. A method. Like any tool, its impact depends on the intent of the user.

Hacking can be categorized into several types based on intent:

• Black hat hackers

  These are the cybercriminals. Their motives range from financial gain to political agendas, identity theft, or simply the thrill of breaching security.

• Gray hat hackers

  These individuals frequently adhere to ethical standards. They may access systems without permission, not necessarily with malicious intent, but still without legal or organizational consent.

• White hat hackers

  Also known as ethical hackers, these professionals use their skills to help organizations detect and fix security vulnerabilities before they can be exploited by malicious actors.

It is within this last category that ethical hacking stands as a pillar of modern cybersecurity.

What is ethical hacking?

Ethical hacking is the authorized, legal practice of bypassing system security to identify potential data breaches and threats in a network.

The purpose is constructive: to uncover weaknesses from the perspective of a malicious hacker, but in a controlled, responsible, and fully authorized manner.

Ethical hacking is often performed under defined rules of engagement and contractual agreements that specify the scope, limitations, and methods of testing. It may involve simulated attacks, social engineering assessments, vulnerability scans, and more.

While an ethical hacker employs the same tactics and methods as a malevolent hacker, he reveals vulnerabilities to the organization so that the proper safeguards can be put in place rather than using them for malevolent ends.

 More and more businesses are using ethical hackers as a result of the rise in ransomware and cyberattacks worldwide.

Large software and hardware firms also employ them to identify potential security holes in their products. For instance, Google’s Red Team examines product defenses, simulates attacks, and creates remedies in response.

Importantly, ethical hackers always report their findings and help implement corrective measures to strengthen the security posture of the organization.

Hacking vs. Ethical Hacking

According to the 2025 Security Report by Check Point Software, there has been a startling 44% rise in cyberattacks amid a developing cyberthreat ecosystem.

Anyone can be a perpetrator, from hostile states to ransomware gangs. 

They can install malware, wreck computers, or steal data using the access they’ve obtained. Financially and in terms of the organization’s reputation, the repercussions could be severe.

Hacking isn’t always a terrible thing, though.

Finding and fixing vulnerabilities before bad actors take advantage of them is the strongest defence against cyberthreats.

Since ethical hackers utilize the same strategies as criminals, they must consistently stay updated and knowledgeable about the latest developments.

But.

Who are ethical hackers?

Ethical hackers come from diverse backgrounds.

Some are former black hat hackers who have chosen to reform and use their skills legally.

Others have academic or professional experience in information security, software engineering, or digital forensics.

Many hold certifications such as CEH (Certified Ethical Hacker), OSCP (Offensive Security Certified Professional), or CISSP (Certified Information Systems Security Professional).

These professionals are employed by corporations, security firms, or work as independent consultants.

Some are “red team” members in internal security operations, simulating adversarial attacks to test an organization’s defenses.

Others may be freelancers engaged in bug bounty programs, where tech companies reward individuals for responsibly disclosing security flaws.

What unites all ethical hackers is a shared commitment to integrity, legality, and the defense of digital assets.

Methodical thinking

The procedure itself consists of multiple steps, and ethical hackers need to think methodically.

Understanding the company’s systems, gathering publicly accessible data, and identifying domains, IP addresses, and network infrastructure comprise the first part.

The scanning step follows, in which the ethical hacker looks for vulnerabilities in the target system using various tools. 

This entails determining the different devices in the network and their connections, looking for open ports that might be used for malicious purposes, and scanning for known vulnerabilities in hardware and software.

We then test the discovered vulnerabilities using the same methods a malevolent hacker would use.

The scope of an ethical hacker’s responsibilities is vast.

• Penetration testing

  Also known as “pen testing,” this involves simulating cyberattacks to test the strength of an organization’s security measures. These tests mimic real-world attacks, exploiting vulnerabilities in systems, applications, and network infrastructure.

  Penetration tests can be black-box (with no prior knowledge of the system), white-box (with full access), or gray-box (partial knowledge). The goal is to find and patch vulnerabilities before real attackers do.

• Vulnerability assessment

  Ethical hackers use a combination of automated tools and manual techniques to identify known weaknesses in software, hardware, and configurations. This helps IT departments prioritize and remediate risks based on their severity.

• Social engineering tests

  Human error can undermine even the most secure systems. Ethical hackers may conduct phishing simulations, impersonation attempts, or baiting scenarios to assess how well employees are aware of and respond to manipulation.

  In your world—investigations and fraud detection—social engineering has always been a concern.

  Ethical hackers bring that same mindset into the digital space, identifying where human behaviour might create exposure.

• Security audits and compliance testing

  Ethical hackers help organizations meet regulatory and compliance standards such as GDPR, HIPAA, PCI-DSS, or ISO 27001. Through security audits, they ensure that data protection protocols are not only in place but also effective.

• Risk analysis and reporting

  After assessments, ethical hackers deliver detailed reports outlining vulnerabilities, exploit techniques used, the potential impact of each risk, and recommendations for remediation. These reports are essential for decision-makers who need clear, actionable intelligence without excessive technical jargon.

• Continual learning and threat intelligence

  The cybersecurity landscape evolves rapidly. Ethical hackers stay ahead by researching new threats, experimenting in labs, and collaborating with the global infosec community.

  They bring this intelligence to their clients, keeping defenses dynamic rather than reactive.

Why ethical hacking matters more than ever

As fraud detection professionals know, the best deterrent is a robust, pre-emptive defence.

Ethical hacking represents precisely that: a proactive approach to uncovering what could go wrong before it does.

Here’s why ethical hacking is not just useful but essential:

• Rising threat complexity

  From ransomware to deepfakes, cyberthreats are increasingly sophisticated. Traditional firewalls and antivirus tools aren’t enough.

• Digital transformation

  As more businesses move to the cloud, adopt IoT devices, or rely on remote teams, new attack surfaces emerge.

• High stakes

  Breaches can cost millions, damage reputations, and invite legal consequences. For industries like insurance or finance, the fallout can be especially severe.

• Regulatory scrutiny

  Compliance isn’t optional anymore. Data protection laws demand proof that organizations are doing everything in their power to secure data.

Common misconceptions about ethical hackers

Even in professional circles, ethical hackers are sometimes misunderstood. Let’s clear up a few myths:

“They’re just hackers in disguise.”

Ethical hackers operate under legal contracts and often have security clearances. Their work is as legitimate as that of an auditor or private investigator.

“Hiring hackers is risky.”

Using vetted channels eliminates the risk. Strict ethical standards bind certified professionals, and the hiring process often includes background checks.

“We’re too small to be targeted.”

Small and mid-sized businesses are prime targets because they often lack robust security infrastructure. Ethical hacking can be a cost-effective way to harden defenses.

The future of ethical hacking

Looking ahead, ethical hacking is expected to play a critical role in several key areas, including:

• AI and machine learning security: Ensuring models aren’t poisoned or manipulated.
• Quantum computing preparedness involves testing systems to ensure they are resistant to next-generation decryption.
• Blockchain and smart contract audits: Validating decentralized applications.
• Security in autonomous systems: Drones, cars, and robotics will all need ethical oversight.

As our digital environment grows more complex, so too must our defenders. 

Ethical hackers will need to evolve continuously, technically, legally, and ethically, to match the pace of innovation.

Conclusion

Ethical hacking is not a trend.

I It’s a critical layer in the architecture of digital trust.

As entrepreneurs, investigators, insurers, and professionals navigating high-stakes industries, we must embrace the value that ethical hackers bring. 

They are not only defenders of data but also enablers of innovation, trust, and resilience.

In a world where a single breach can disrupt an entire business, ethical hacking is not just advisable. It’s imperative.

Introduction

Psychological manipulation has consistently shaped global events, from the ancient battlefields of Sun Tzu to the weaponized deepfakes of today’s scammers.

In 2025, this same psychological warfare is being waged online, not just by state actors but by fraudsters exploiting our trust, our fears, and the speed of modern technology.

Are you prepared?

In my past life as an intelligence operative and security strategist, I studied the anatomy of deception up close, how it’s used, why it works, and what it takes to resist it.

Today, that battlefield has moved into the digital domain, and the frontlines are not just in war zones or classified operations rooms; they’re in our inboxes, on our phones, and across our social media feeds.

Whether you’re a parent, a professional, or a policymaker, understanding the roots and realities of PsyOps today isn’t just fascinating. It’s essential.

Welcome to the new era of digital PsyOps, where fraudsters, scammers, and manipulators use age-old psychological tactics, supercharged by AI and instant global communication, to exploit our instincts and steal our money, our data, and our peace of mind.

Let’s break down the top scams of 2025, and more importantly, how to spot them before you or someone you love becomes the next target.

Bank impersonation scams: Trust as a Trojan Horse

A bank impersonation scam may start with a phone call, text, or email from what looks to be your bank. In many cases, the communication will claim there is an urgent issue with your account—such as a security breach, an unauthorized transaction, or some other suspicious activity that has taken place.

Posing as a legitimate representative, the fraudster may ask for your online banking password, your PIN, or a one-time code you may have received from your bank.

They claim these codes will verify your identity, but they act as the key that gets them access to your account.

These scams exploit our deepest financial fears — the loss of control, the threat of theft, and the illusion of urgency. You get a call, text, or email from what seems to be your bank.

Red flag, your bank will never ask you for a one-time code or password over the phone.

Crypto scams: Gold rush meets grand illusion

Cryptocurrency prices soared after the 2024 U.S. presidential election, buoyed by expectations of an easier regulatory environment. Cryptocurrency scams, which were already gaining momentum, have followed suit.

Data shows that in 2024, crypto scams likely hit a new record, with revenue increasing nearly 40% compared to the year before.

While the sector’s popularity plays a role, artificial intelligence is perhaps the biggest driver.

Generative AI has made it easier and cheaper for scammers to expand crypto fraud, with deepfake technology enabling fraudsters to create fake celebrity endorsements for their crypto schemes, boosting their success rate.

Even Netflix released a true-crime documentary last year about three fraudsters who conned millions from investors.

Other crypto scams that have been particularly lucrative for fraudsters include crypto drainers, where fraudsters pretend to be legitimate blockchain projects or crypto services, tricking victims into connecting their cryptocurrency wallets to malicious platforms.

Upon obtaining permission, the scammers proceed to siphon off all the funds from the wallet.

More traditional investment scams also remain popular in 2025; high-yield investment scams, which promise unrealistically high returns (and operate as Ponzi schemes), remain prevalent.

With these types of scams, that “profit” is pure fiction, serving as bait: victims typically lose the big money trying to cash out.

The “windfall” is always blocked by the need for another payment, be it a broker’s fee or a tax bill. It only ends when the victim is broke.

Along the way, fraudsters play on the idea that traditional banks and the government are suspicious of crypto and see it as a threat. This tactic helps convince victims to mislead their bank about the true purpose of their transaction.

Meanwhile, the volatility of cryptocurrencies and the perception that people can become wealthy overnight provide the perfect cover for fraudsters.

Red flag: If a stranger online is promising easy crypto riches, it’s not an opportunity — it’s bait.

Romance scams: Love as a weapon

Romance scams are proof that emotional manipulation still works better than any algorithm.

Fraudsters build false identities, nurture emotional bonds, and then strike, asking for money, crypto “investments,” or help in a fabricated emergency.

Romance scams are typically carried out online through dating sites, apps, or other social media channels.

They start when a cybercriminal creates a fake profile and contacts an individual looking for a romantic connection. The scammer will then start to build a relationship and aim to gain trust rapidly.

Once that’s done, they will ask for money, typically for the purposes of airfare (to come visit) or to get themselves or a loved one out of trouble.

Victims of romance scams come from all walks of life, income levels, education, age, gender, and profession. The reason they are so successful is that scammers put a lot of time and effort into establishing a connection that feels real and meaningful, and once the victim has fallen in love, it’s easy to miss the warning signs of the scam.

Romance and crypto scams are now linked, as would-be lovers trick victims into investing in crypto. Victims often don’t realize until it’s too late that both their romantic interest and their money have disappeared.

Hard truth: When it feels “too real, too fast” online, it often isn’t real at all.

Employment scams: False hope in hard times

With challenging economies worldwide and many people finding it difficult to secure meaningful employment, job scams are on the rise. From unsolicited email offers to fake hiring managers promoting work on social media, these scams lure job seekers with promises of work, advancement, great pay, and benefits.

There are several employment schemes running at the moment. Here are some of the most common:

• Fake job listings
  These listings normally ask candidates to pay a fee to complete their application or get started.
• Fake hiring firms
  Scammers will pose as an agency, institution, or hiring firm and request a screening fee.
• Email offers
  Fake job offers (often about jobs you never applied for) They may request sensitive information like your ID and bank account numbers to facilitate your onboarding process.
• Online interviews
  May ask you to input sensitive information in order to gain access to the interview.
• Work-from-home jobs
  You might need to send money to purchase equipment such as a computer and monitor.

To protect yourself from job scams, be sure to do your research before applying for a position.

Examine the company’s website and contrast the information provided there with the job listing. Also beware of offers that seem too good to be true, and don’t engage in requests to transfer funds; no legitimate employer will ask you to write checks, send gift cards, or send wire transfers to “get started” on a job.

As a general rule, a genuine job offer doesn’t require payment. It pays you.

Travel scams: Your getaway, their payday

Travel scams continue to spread in 2025 as fraudsters use both traditional tactics and new methods to deceive travelers. Notable scams include:

• Fake vacation rentals:
  Scammers create professional-looking websites for properties that either don’t exist or are very different from their descriptions.
• Fake travel agencies:
  Fraudsters offer vacation packages at low prices. When it comes time to travel, vacationers find their reservations aren’t valid.
• Too-good-to-be-true offers:
  Unsolicited offers claiming free vacations or discounted trips often deceive would-be travelers out of their vacation funds.

Stay sharp: Always verify accommodations and agencies independently before paying.

AI scams: The new face of deception

AI-powered scams are the ones to watch in 2025, as AI has opened up a wealth of opportunities for scammers.

In December 2024, the FBI posted a public service announcement listing some of the ways that criminals use generative AI to trick victims, and global reports indicate that deepfake-related crime increased by more than 1,500% in the Asia-Pacific region from 2022 to 2023.

Around the world, generative AI is being used to advance a number of scams, making existing scams more believable.

Some of the most common so far in 2025:

• Phishing and smishing:
  Scammers can use AI to write more convincing and natural-sounding phishing emails and text messages.
• AI-generated images:
  AI makes it easy for scammers to create professional-looking websites, social media ads, fake photos for social media profiles, and much more.
• Deepfake videos:
  Scammers can create AI-generated videos to promote fake products, charities, or investments. They can also trick people into thinking they are speaking to a real person.
  In one of the most sensational cases of 2024, a Hong Kong finance worker was duped into transferring more than $25 million to fraudsters who used deepfake technology to disguise themselves as the firm’s chief financial officer and other senior colleagues.
• Fake and cloned voices:
  Scammers can use AI-generated or altered voices for phone-based scams, such as the grandparent scam.

Ask yourself: Would your boss or family really ask for money on a video call?

Phishing scams: Old trick, new tech

Phishing has long been one of the most common and popular types of scams.

This is where victims might receive a message impersonating an individual or organization (i.e., a delivery company, financial institution, or government agency) claiming that there’s an issue and immediate action is required to fix it.

Alternatively, the message might inform you that you need to immediately claim a refund or a special prize.

The goal of a phishing message is to either get you to click on a link that takes you to a fake website or to share personal or financial information. Often urgent in nature and unsolicited, phishing messages are increasingly convincing and put pressure on their victims, not giving them time to think through their actions.

Tip: Never click links from unsolicited messages, even if they “seem” urgent or familiar.

Grandparent scams: Emotionally engineered crime

The grandparent scam is a highly pervasive and successful scam that preys on the emotions of family members.

In this scam, a grandparent receives a phone call from a fraudster pretending to be their grandchild.

The fraudster may use deepfake technology to mimic a grandchild’s voice, making the call more convincing. Saying they are hurt or in trouble, the fraudster will convince the grandparent that they need money immediately.

The trending scams of 2025 are a mix of proven techniques and new technology that help fraudsters create convincing scams that trick victims out of their savings and their personal information.

Protect loved ones: Create a family codeword for emergencies that scammers can’t fake.

PsyOps meets everyday life

Scams aren’t just crimes of opportunity; they’re precision psychological operations. They exploit human behaviour, pattern recognition, and our innate desire to help, belong, and believe.

What’s changing in 2025 is the scale and sophistication. But the core tactic remains timeless: manipulating trust.

Faced with trying to combat this growing problem, you all need to react in time if the answer to any of the following questions is “yes”:

Have you received unexpected contact?

Are you under pressure to make an investment quickly?

Are you receiving investment returns that seem improbable?

Are they trying to flatter you?

Staying safe in this landscape means staying informed, connected, and sceptical in all the right ways.

The truth is, you can engage in a battle without wearing a uniform. In 2025, headlines, hashtags, and voice-cloned phone calls fight the war for your mind.

But knowledge is a powerful shield.

By understanding how psychological warfare has shaped the world and continues to shape your digital environment, you become less of a target and more of a sentinel.